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Puerperal and menstrual bleeding patterns with different types of contraceptive device fitted during elective cesarean delivery
Author(s) -
Elsedeek Mervat S.E.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2011.07.036
Subject(s) - medicine , amenorrhea , levonorgestrel , intrauterine device , obstetrics , menstruation , incidence (geometry) , gynecology , blood loss , cesarean delivery , menstrual bleeding , family planning , pregnancy , population , research methodology , surgery , genetics , physics , environmental health , optics , biology
Objective To evaluate the impact of a copper‐containing intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) and the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system (IUS) on puerperal and menstrual bleeding when fitted intraoperatively during scheduled elective cesarean. Methods Participants were allocated to 3 groups: cesarean with no device inserted; IUCD inserted during cesarean; and IUS inserted during cesarean. Results There was significantly shorter and lighter puerperium in the IUS group (20.2 ± 7.7 days and 3.1 ± 1.6 pads/day) than in the IUCD (33.4 ± 9.5 days and 4.9 ± 2.4 pads/day) and the control (27.0 ± 11.4 days and 4.9 ± 2.3 pads/day) groups ( P < 0.012 and P < 0.0001, respectively). At the end of puerperium, mean duration of amenorrhea was significantly longer in the IUS group than in the IUCD and control groups ( P < 0.0001). Menstrual periods were longer and heavier in the IUCD group than in the control group but the difference was not significant ( P > 0.07). In the IUS group, menstrual periods were significantly shorter and lighter than in the other groups ( P < 0.0001). Conclusion Intrauterine system fitting at the time of elective cesarean is associated with significant reductions in the duration and amount of puerperal blood loss, as well as a high incidence of amenorrhea and lighter periods thereafter.