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FIGO classification system (PALM‐COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age
Author(s) -
Munro Malcolm G.,
Critchley Hilary O.D.,
Broder Michael S.,
Fraser Ian S.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.11.011
Subject(s) - medicine , adenomyosis , uterine bleeding , gynecology , malignancy , endometrial polyp , obstetrics , pathology , hysteroscopy , endometriosis
There is general inconsistency in the nomenclature used to describe abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), in addition to a plethora of potential causes—several of which may coexist in a given individual. It seems clear that the development of consistent and universally accepted nomenclature is a step toward rectifying this unsatisfactory circumstance. Another requirement is the development of a classification system, on several levels, for the causes of AUB, which can be used by clinicians, investigators, and even patients to facilitate communication, clinical care, and research. This manuscript describes an ongoing process designed to achieve these goals, and presents for consideration the PALM‐COEIN ( p olyp; a denomyosis; l eiomyoma; m alignancy and hyperplasia; c oagulopathy; o vulatory dysfunction; e ndometrial; i atrogenic; and n ot yet classified) classification system for AUB, which has been approved by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Executive Board as a FIGO classification system.