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Acute effects of maternal smoking on fetal hemodynamics
Author(s) -
Ates U.,
Ata B.,
Armagan F.,
Has R.,
Sidal B.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.06.009
Subject(s) - medicine , hemodynamics , heart rate , nicotine , fetus , blood pressure , gestation , nonstress test , cardiology , umbilical artery , diastole , in utero , pregnancy , middle cerebral artery , blood flow , gestational age , fetal heart rate , anesthesia , ischemia , biology , genetics
Objective : To investigate acute effects of cigarette smoking on fetal hemodynamics. Method : Sixty seven women between 32nd to 40th weeks of gestation were evaluated. Maternal blood pressure and heart rate, fetal heart rate (FHR) tracing, umbilical and fetal middle cerebral arterial (MCA) color Doppler measurements were evaluated. Pre‐ and postsmoking results were compared with paired t ‐test. Results : Maternal heart rate significantly increased after smoking. Baseline FHR and FHR variability remained unchanged. The number of participants who had a reactive NST was 60 in 67 before smoking (89.5%) and decreased to 47 after smoking (70.1%) ( p =0.009). There were no significant changes between maximum and minimum flow velocities, pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and systolic/diastolic flow ratio (S/D) of umbilical and middle cerebral arteries. Conclusion : The nicotine load of a single cigarette may be inadequate to cause a detectable decrease in utero‐placental blood flow; however, smoking prior to the FHR recording may alter the FHR reactivity.