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Neuroprotective effect of anthocyanins on acetylcholinesterase activity and attenuation of scopolamine‐induced amnesia in rats
Author(s) -
Gutierres Jessié M.,
Carvalho Fabiano B.,
Schetinger Maria Rosa C.,
Agostinho Paula,
Marisco Patricia C.,
Vieira Juliano M.,
Rosa Michele M.,
Bohnert Crystiani,
Rubin Maribel A.,
Morsch Vera M.,
Spanevello Roselia,
Mazzanti Cinthia M.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of developmental neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.761
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1873-474X
pISSN - 0736-5748
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.12.006
Subject(s) - acetylcholinesterase , hippocampus , aché , chemistry , pharmacology , cholinergic , neuroprotection , memory impairment , ant , elevated plus maze , antioxidant , biochemistry , medicine , psychology , neuroscience , enzyme , biology , ecology , cognition , psychiatry , anxiety
Anthocyanins are a group of natural phenolic compounds responsible for the color to plants and fruits. These compounds might have beneficial effects on memory and have antioxidant properties. In the present study we have investigated the therapeutic efficacy of anthocyanins in an animal model of cognitive deficits, associated to Alzheimer's disease, induced by scopolamine. We evaluated whether anthocyanins protect the effects caused by SCO on nitrite/nitrate (NO x ) levels and Na + ,K + ‐ATPase and Ca 2+ ‐ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (of rats. We used 4 different groups of animals: control (CTRL), anthocyanins treated (ANT), scopolamine‐challenged (SCO), and scopolamine + anthocyanins (SCO + ANT). After seven days of treatment with ANT (200 mg kg −1 ; oral), the animals were SCO injected (1 mg kg −1 ; IP) and were performed the behavior tests, and submitted to euthanasia. A memory deficit was found in SCO group, but ANT treatment prevented this impairment of memory ( P < 0.05 ). The ANT treatment per se had an anxiolytic effect. AChE activity was increased in both in cortex and hippocampus of SCO group, this effect was significantly attenuated by ANT ( P < 0.05 ). SCO decreased Na + ,K + ‐ATPase and Ca 2+ ‐ATPase activities in hippocampus, and ANT was able to significantly ( P < 0.05) prevent these effects. No significant alteration was found on NO x levels among the groups. In conclusion, the ANT is able to regulate cholinergic neurotransmission and restore the Na + ,K + ‐ATPase and Ca 2+ ‐ATPase activities, and also prevented memory deficits caused by scopolamine administration.