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Retinal astrocyte differentiation mediated by leukemia inhibitory factor in cooperation with bone morphogenetic protein 2
Author(s) -
Fukushima Mikiko,
Setoguchi Takao,
Komiya Setsuro,
Tanihara Hidenobu,
Taga Tetsuya
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
international journal of developmental neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.761
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1873-474X
pISSN - 0736-5748
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2009.07.006
Subject(s) - leukemia inhibitory factor , astrocyte , leukemia inhibitory factor receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , retina , glycoprotein 130 , bone morphogenetic protein , biology , signal transduction , cellular differentiation , retinal , neuroscience , immunology , cytokine , interleukin 6 , biochemistry , central nervous system , stat3 , gene
Retinal astrocytes and their precursor cells migrate from the optic nerve. Interleukin 6 family cytokines, whose signal transduction requires gp130, promote astrocyte differentiation in the optic nerve, though the mechanism of astrocyte differentiation in the retina has not been clarified. We found that GFAP‐positive astrocytes were significantly decreased in number but that a considerable number of astrocytes were still present in gp130‐deficient mouse retina. These findings suggest that gp130‐dependent signaling pathways play essential roles in retinal astrocyte differentiation and that retinal astrocyte differentiation can also be promoted by other signaling pathways. We found that leukemia inhibitory factor, bone morphogenetic proteins, and their receptors are expressed in P0 retina. In addition, leukemia inhibitory factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 synergistically promote astrocyte differentiation of retinal precursor cells isolated from P0 mouse retina. These observations demonstrated that not only gp130‐dependent signaling but also bone morphogenetic proteins play essential roles in retinal astrocyte differentiation.