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Catalpol protects primary cultured astrocytes from in vitro ischemia‐induced damage
Author(s) -
Li Yachen,
Bao Yongming,
Jiang Bo,
Wang Zhuo,
Liu Yuxin,
Zhang Cen,
An Lijia
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
international journal of developmental neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.761
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1873-474X
pISSN - 0736-5748
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2008.01.006
Subject(s) - catalpol , superoxide dismutase , glutathione peroxidase , nitric oxide , reactive oxygen species , chemistry , glutathione , pharmacology , biochemistry , rehmannia glutinosa , neuroprotection , nitric oxide synthase , lactate dehydrogenase , antioxidant , astrocyte , reperfusion injury , ischemia , biology , endocrinology , medicine , enzyme , glycoside , pathology , alternative medicine , organic chemistry , traditional chinese medicine , central nervous system
Catalpol, an iridoid glycoside abundant in the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa , has been previously found to prevent the loss of CA1 hippocampal neurons and to reduce working errors in gerbils after ischemia‐reperfusion injury. In the present study, we investigated the effects of catalpol on astrocytes in an ischemic model to further characterize its neuroprotective mechanisms. Primary cultured astrocytes exposed to oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reperfusion (adding back oxygen and glucose, OGD‐R), were used as an in vitro ischemic model. Treatment of the astrocytes with catalpol during ischemia‐reperfusion increased astrocyte survival significantly in a concentration‐dependent manner, as demonstrated by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and morphological observation. In addition, catalpol prevented the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the production of nitric oxide (NO), decreased the level of lipid peroxide and the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the content of glutathione (GSH). Our results suggest that catalpol exerts the most significant cytoprotective effect on astrocytes by suppressing the production of free radicals and elevating antioxidant capacity.