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The  LEAFY COTYLEDON2  ( LEC2 ) gene plays critically important regulatory roles during both early and late embryonic development. Here, we report the identification of the  LEC2  gene from the castor bean plant ( Ricinus communis ), and characterize the effects of its overexpression on gene regulation and lipid metabolism in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.  LEC2  exists as a single‐copy gene in castor bean, is expressed predominantly in embryos, and encodes a protein with a conserved B3 domain, but different N‐ and C‐terminal domains to those found in LEC2 from Arabidopsis. Ectopic overexpression of  LEC2  from castor bean under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter in Arabidopsis plants induces the accumulation of transcripts that encodes five major transcription factors (the  LEAFY COTYLEDON1  ( LEC1), LEAFY COTYLEDON1 ‐ LIKE  ( L1L), FUSCA3  ( FUS3),  and  ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3  ( ABI3)  transcripts for seed maturation, and  WRINKELED1  ( WRI1)  transcripts for fatty acid biosynthesis), as well as  OLEOSIN  transcripts for the formation of oil bodies in vegetative tissues. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants that express the  LEC2  gene from castor bean show a range of dose‐dependent morphological phenotypes and effects on the expression of LEC2‐regulated genes during seedling establishment and vegetative growth. Expression of castor bean LEC2 in Arabidopsis increased the expression of fatty acid elongase 1 (FAE1) and induced the accumulation of triacylglycerols, especially those containing the seed‐specific fatty acid, eicosenoic acid (20:1 Δ11 ), in vegetative tissues.

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Ectopic overexpression of castor bean LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2) in Arabidopsis triggers the expression of genes that encode regulators of seed maturation and oil body proteins in vegetative tissues