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Chromosome domain architecture and dynamic organization of the fission yeast genome
Author(s) -
Mizuguchi Takeshi,
Barrowman Jemima,
Grewal Shiv I.S.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.06.008
Subject(s) - genome , biology , heterochromatin , chromosome conformation capture , chromatin , chromosome , schizosaccharomyces pombe , genomic organization , genetics , schizosaccharomyces , computational biology , chromosome segregation , meiosis , mitosis , eukaryotic chromosome fine structure , saccharomyces cerevisiae , yeast , gene , gene expression , enhancer
Advanced techniques including the chromosome conformation capture (3C) methodology and its derivatives are complementing microscopy approaches to study genome organization, and are revealing new details of three‐dimensional (3D) genome architecture at increasing resolution. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe ( S. pombe ) comprises a small genome featuring organizational elements of more complex eukaryotic systems, including conserved heterochromatin assembly machinery. Here we review key insights into genome organization revealed in this model system through a variety of techniques. We discuss the predominant role of Rabl‐like configuration for interphase chromosome organization and the dynamic changes that occur during mitosis and meiosis. High resolution Hi‐C studies have also revealed the presence of locally crumpled chromatin regions called “globules” along chromosome arms, and implicated a critical role for pericentromeric heterochromatin in imposing fundamental constraints on the genome to maintain chromosome territoriality and stability. These findings have shed new light on the connections between genome organization and function. It is likely that insights gained from the S. pombe system will also broadly apply to higher eukaryotes.