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The physiological and pathophysiological role of adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in the peripheral tissues and CNS
Author(s) -
Kadowaki Takashi,
Yamauchi Toshimasa,
Kubota Naoto
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.11.070
Subject(s) - adiponectin , adipokine , medicine , endocrinology , adipose tissue , adiponectin receptor 1 , energy homeostasis , insulin resistance , receptor , biology , insulin , insulin receptor , hypothalamus , metabolic syndrome , obesity
Adiponectin is an abundantly expressed adipokine in adipose tissue and has direct insulin sensitizing activity. A decrease in the circulating levels of adiponectin by interactions between genetic factors and environmental factors causing obesity has been shown to contribute to the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. In addition to its insulin sensitizing actions, adiponectin has central actions in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Adiponectin enhances AMP‐activated protein kinase activity in the arcuate hypothalamus via its receptor AdipoR1 to stimulate food intake and decreases energy expenditure. We propose a hypothesis on the physiological role of adiponectin: a starvation gene in the course of evolution by promoting fat storage on facing the loss of adiposity.