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Where do animal α‐amylases come from? An interkingdom trip
Author(s) -
Da Lage Jean-Luc,
Danchin Etienne G.J.,
Casane Didier
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.07.019
Subject(s) - biology , bilateria , amylase , most recent common ancestor , phylogenetic tree , horizontal gene transfer , gene , multicellular organism , amoeba (genus) , phylogenetics , dictyostelium discoideum , genetics , evolutionary biology , enzyme , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry
Alpha‐amylases are widely found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Few amino acids are conserved among these organisms, but at an intra‐kingdom level, conserved protein domains exist. In animals, numerous conserved stretches are considered as typical of animal α‐amylases. Searching databases, we found no animal‐type α‐amylases outside the Bilateria. Instead, we found in the sponge Reniera sp. and in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis , α‐amylases whose most similar cognate was that of the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum . We found that this “Dictyo‐type” α‐amylase was shared not only by these non‐Bilaterian animals, but also by other Amoebozoa, Choanoflagellates, and Fungi. This suggested that the Dictyo‐type α‐amylase was present in the last common ancestor of Unikonts. The additional presence of the Dictyo‐type in some Ciliates and Excavates, suggests that horizontal gene transfers may have occurred among Eukaryotes. We have also detected putative interkingdom transfers of amylase genes, which obscured the historical reconstitution. Several alternative scenarii are discussed.