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Differential induction of electrophile‐responsive element‐regulated genes by n − 3 and n − 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Author(s) -
van Beelen Vincent A.,
Aarts Jac M.M.J.G.,
Reus Astrid,
Mooibroek Hans,
Sijtsma Lolke,
Bosch Dirk,
Rietjens Ivonne M.C.M.,
Alink Gerrit M.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.07.028
Subject(s) - polyunsaturated fatty acid , docosahexaenoic acid , eicosapentaenoic acid , arachidonic acid , biochemistry , chemistry , enzyme , biology , fatty acid
In this study the n − 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid appear to be effective inducers of electrophile‐responsive element (EpRE) regulated genes, whereas the n − 6 PUFA arachidonic acid is not. These n − 3 PUFAs need to be oxidized to induce EpRE‐regulated gene expression, as the antioxidant vitamin E can partially inhibit the PUFA induced dose‐dependent effect. Results were obtained using a reporter gene assay, real‐time RT‐PCR and enzyme activity assays. The induction of EpRE‐regulated phase II genes by n − 3 PUFAs may be a major pathway by which n − 3 PUFAs, in contrast to n − 6 PUFAs, are chemopreventive and anticarcinogenic.