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Carbonylation of cornified envelopes in the stratum corneum
Author(s) -
Hirao Tetsuji,
Takahashi Motoji
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.11.032
Subject(s) - chemistry , corneocyte , protein carbonylation , stratum corneum , involucrin , carbonylation , crotonaldehyde , oxidative phosphorylation , lipid peroxidation , acrolein , biochemistry , oxidative stress , keratin , antigenicity , monoclonal antibody , biophysics , antibody , biology , keratinocyte , immunology , catalysis , in vitro , paleontology , genetics , carbon monoxide
Stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin, is continuously exposed to oxidative stress via sunlight, lipid peroxidation, and is subsequently accompanied by oxidative modification. Previous studies have shown that major oxidative target proteins in the SC are keratins. However, it remains unclear to date whether cornified envelopes (CEs), protein envelopes of the corneocytes (cornified cells), would be oxidized. In this study, we first revealed oxidative modification of CEs using labeled hydrazide derivatives to detect carbonyl moieties. Carbonylation of CEs was confirmed by reaction with monoclonal antibodies against aldehyde‐bound proteins, including anti‐acrolein, anti‐crotonaldehyde, anti‐4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal. The extent of carbonylation is stronger in CEs from the face, a sun‐exposed area, than those from the inside of upper arm, an unexposed area. Carbonylation of CEs did not depend on their maturity, as evaluated by loss of involucrin antigenicity during maturation process, suggesting that CEs are carbonylated regardless of their maturation stage.