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Neck–shoulder pain and depressive symptoms: A cohort study with a 7‐year follow‐up
Author(s) -
Mäntyselkä Pekka,
Lupsakko Taina,
Kautiainen Hannu,
Vanhala Mauno
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
european journal of pain
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.305
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1532-2149
pISSN - 1090-3801
DOI - 10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.04.004
Subject(s) - medicine , cohort , neck pain , depressive symptoms , physical therapy , depression (economics) , physical medicine and rehabilitation , psychiatry , alternative medicine , anxiety , pathology , economics , macroeconomics
Background: The presence of neck–shoulder pain as a predictor of depression is not widely studied. Aim: To analyse the association of neck–shoulder pain at baseline with depressive symptomatology after a 7‐year follow‐up. Methods: A total of 604 subjects who had not had depressive symptomatology at baseline participated in 7‐year follow‐up survey. The number of subjects with depressive symptomatology (Beck Depression Score ≥ 10) after 7‐year follow‐up were measured in three groups – subjects without neck–shoulder pain, with infrequent neck–shoulder pain and with daily neck–shoulder pain at baseline. Results: A total of 77 (13%) participants had developed depressive symptomatology by the follow‐up. Prevalence of depressive symptomatology in follow‐up in subjects without neck–shoulder pain, with infrequent neck–shoulder pain and with daily neck–shoulder pain at baseline pain was 9.5%, 11.2% and 28.4%. In multivariate logistic regression analysis odds for having depressive symptomatology in daily neck–shoulder pain subjects was almost three fold higher (OR, 2.64, 95% CI, 1.27–5.48) compared to those without neck–shoulder pain. Conclusions: Frequent neck–shoulder pain is a preceding symptom for the depressive symptomatology in adults.