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Predictors of outcome in a cohort of women with chronic pelvic pain – A follow‐up study
Author(s) -
Weijenborg Philomeen Th. M.,
Kuile Moniek M.,
Gopie Jessica P.,
Spinhoven Philip
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
european journal of pain
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.305
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1532-2149
pISSN - 1090-3801
DOI - 10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.09.002
Subject(s) - pain catastrophizing , medicine , physical therapy , coping (psychology) , chronic pain , pelvic pain , cognitive appraisal , intensity (physics) , clinical psychology , surgery , physics , quantum mechanics
Background: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in women is a long‐lasting condition. Aims: To explore changes in pain intensity, adjustment to pain, pain appraisal and coping strategies as well as to evaluate whether baseline pain appraisals and coping strategies and their changes were associated with outcome in the long term. Methods: A follow‐up study was conducted on all consecutive women who had visited a CPP‐team of a university hospital. After an average period of 3.2 years 64% of them ( N =84) completed questionnaires at baseline and follow‐up. Results: A reduction in pain intensity ( p <.001, d =.6), improvement in adjustment to pain (SF‐36 Physical Component Summary ( p <.001, d =.4) and depressive symptoms ( p <.01, d =.2)), as well as a reduction in catastrophizing pain ( p <.01, d =.4) and an increase in perceived pain control ( p <.01, d =.3) were observed. Neither biographic nor clinical variables were related with these changes. Pain appraisal and coping strategies at baseline did not predict changes from baseline in pain intensity. However, baseline levels of perceived pain control correlated with a change in depressive symptoms ( r = − .27, p <.05), also after adjustment for pain intensity at baseline ( r = − .28, p <.05). Changes from baseline in levels of catastrophizing pain were associated with changes in pain intensity ( r =.44, p <.01), SF‐36 Physical Component Summary ( r = − .34, p <.01) and depressive symptoms ( r =.71, p <.01). Conclusion: At a 3 year follow‐up, improvement in pain intensity in women with CPP was not associated with baseline pain appraisals and coping strategies. A reduction in catastrophizing was related to better outcome in the long term.