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Involvement of cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules in opioid analgesia
Author(s) -
Rittner H.L.,
Stein C.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
european journal of pain
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.305
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1532-2149
pISSN - 1090-3801
DOI - 10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.05.009
Subject(s) - chemokine , hyperalgesia , cell adhesion molecule , inflammation , opioid , immune system , proinflammatory cytokine , nociceptor , opioid peptide , medicine , immunology , pharmacology , nociception , receptor
Tissue destruction is accompanied by an inflammatory reaction. The inflammatory reaction leads to activation of nociceptors and the sensation of pain. Several mediators are responsible for pain and hyperalgesia in inflammation including cytokines, chemokines, nerve growth factor as well as bradykinin, prostaglandins and ATP. Simulatenously however, analgesic mediators are secreted: opioid peptides, somatostatin, endocannabinoids and certain cytokines. Opioid peptides secreted from immune cells are so far the best studied peptides in peripheral inflammatory pain control. This system is hampered for example by anti‐adhesion molecule treatment. Novel immunosuppressive drugs for treatment of autoimmune disease targetting cytokines, chemokines or adhesion molecules should therefore be evaluated for potential harmful effects on pain.