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Neurodevelopment in children exposed in utero to cyclosporine and azathioprine following maternal renal transplant: preliminary results
Author(s) -
Nulman I.,
Sgro M.,
Barrera M.,
Chitayat D.,
Koren G.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.941
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1532-6535
pISSN - 0009-9236
DOI - 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.278
Subject(s) - azathioprine , wechsler adult intelligence scale , wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence , medicine , pregnancy , neuropsychology , in utero , transplantation , pediatrics , wechsler intelligence scale for children , cohort , fetus , psychiatry , cognition , disease , biology , genetics
Background Cyclosporine and azathioprine are the most commonly used drugs to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. Pregnancy following renal transplantation can be associated with risks for both the mother and the fetus, therefore it is essential to study the reproductive safety of these drugs. Objectives To evaluate the prenatal effects of cyclosporine and azathioprine on children's neurodevelopment following maternal renal transplant, and to compare to control children. Study design Prospective cohort with matched controls. Methods Exposed children were assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of Intelligence–Revised, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children‐III, the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment, the Preschool Language Scale‐III, and the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals‐III. The preliminary results of the exposed children were compared to standard norms. Results Currently, the 20 exposed children (age 3 to13 years) were not significantly different from the norms on Global, Verbal, and Performance IQ (103 + 15; 105 + 16; and 101 + 14 respectively). The exposed children appear to have language scores (Total 112 + 8; Expressive 111 + 10; and Auditory 112 + 7) in the upper range of the norms. Conclusion These preliminary results are reassuring and may contribute to informed decision making, by pregnant women and health professionals. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2004) 75 , P74–P74; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.278