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Upstream reactive oxidative species (ROS) signals in exogenous oxidative stress‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction
Author(s) -
Lu Min,
Gong Xingguo
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
cell biology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.932
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1095-8355
pISSN - 1065-6995
DOI - 10.1016/j.cellbi.2009.03.009
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , reactive oxygen species , intracellular , mitochondrion , microbiology and biotechnology , cytochrome c , apoptosis , programmed cell death , oxidative phosphorylation , membrane potential , mitochondrial ros , nitric oxide , chemistry , extracellular , biology , biochemistry , endocrinology
Exogenous oxidative stress induces cell death, but the upstream molecular mechanisms involved of the process remain relatively unknown. We determined the instant dynamic reactions of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS, including hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), superoxide radical (O 2 • − ), and nitric oxide (NO)) in cells exposed to exogenous oxidative stress by using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Stimulation with extracellular H 2 O 2 significantly increased the production of intracellular H 2 O 2 , O 2 • − , and NO ( P < 0.01) through certain mechanisms. Increased levels of intracellular ROS resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, involving the impairment of mitochondrial activity and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitochondrial dysfunction significantly inhibited the proliferation of human hepatoblastoma G2 (HepG2) cells and resulted in mitochondrial cytochrome c (cyt c ) release. The results indicate that upstream ROS signals play a potential role in exogenous oxidative stress‐induced cell death through mitochondrial dysfunction and cyt c release.