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2,4,5‐T and 2,4,5‐TCP induce oxidative damage in human erythrocytes: the role of glutathione
Author(s) -
Bukowska Bożena
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
cell biology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.932
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1095-8355
pISSN - 1065-6995
DOI - 10.1016/j.cellbi.2004.04.013
Subject(s) - glutathione , glutathione reductase , chemistry , oxidative stress , catalase , superoxide dismutase , glutathione disulfide , biochemistry , enzyme , glutathione peroxidase
Abstract The molecular basis of the toxic properties of phenoxy herbicides in humans and animals has been insufficiently studied. In this study, damage parameters [levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and total glutathione; activity of glutathione reductase (GR); activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); levels of adenine nucleotides and adenine energy charge (AEC)] were measured in human erythrocytes exposed in vitro to 2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5‐T) and its metabolite 2,4,5‐trichlorophenol (2,4,5‐TCP). Both 2,4,5‐T and 2,4,5‐TCP decreased the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes in comparison to the control, but did not significantly change the total glutathione (2GSH+GSSG). This suggests that GSH concentration decreases concomitantly with an increase in oxidized glutathione (GSSG). 2,4,5‐TCP at 100 ppm significantly decreased catalase and SOD activities. 2,4,5‐T and 2,4,5‐TCP did not significantly change the activity of glutathione reductase. 2,4,5‐TCP decreased the level of ATP and increased the content of ADP and AMP, indicating a fall in AEC. 2,4,5‐T and 2,4,5‐TCP significantly changed the erythrocyte morphology. All these data are evidence of oxidative stress in erythrocytes incubated with 2,4,5‐T and 2,4,5‐TCP; the stress appears to be more intense in the case of 2,4,5‐TCP.