Neutralizing immunity in vaccine breakthrough infections from the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants | Zendy

Venice Servellita | Zendy; Abdullah M. Syed | Zendy; Mary Kate Morris | Zendy; Noah Brazer | Zendy; Prachi Saldhi | Zendy; Miguel Garcia-Knight | Zendy; Bharath Sreekumar | Zendy; Mir M. Khalid | Zendy; Alison Ciling | Zendy; Peiyi Chen | Zendy; G. Renuka Kumar | Zendy; Amelia S. Gliwa | Zendy; Jenny Nguyen | Zendy; Alicia Sotomayor-González | Zendy; Yueyuan Zhang | Zendy; Edwin C. Frias | Zendy; John Prostko | Zendy; John Hackett | Zendy; Raul Andino | Zendy; Debra A. Wadford | Zendy; Carl V. Hanson | Zendy; Jennifer A. Doudna | Zendy; Mélanie Ott | Zendy; Charles Y. Chiu | Zendy

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Neutralizing immunity in vaccine breakthrough infections from the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants

Author(s) -

Venice Servellita,

Abdullah M. Syed,

Mary Kate Morris,

Noah Brazer,

Prachi Saldhi,

Miguel Garcia-Knight,

Bharath Sreekumar,

Mir M. Khalid,

Alison Ciling,

Peiyi Chen,

G. Renuka Kumar,

Amelia S. Gliwa,

Jenny Nguyen,

Alicia Sotomayor-González,

Yueyuan Zhang,

Edwin C. Frias,

John Prostko,

John Hackett,

Raul Andino,

Debra A. Wadford,

Carl V. Hanson,

Jennifer A. Doudna,

Mélanie Ott,

Charles Y. Chiu

Publication year - 2022

Publication title -

cell

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 26.304

H-Index - 776

eISSN - 1097-4172

pISSN - 0092-8674

DOI - 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.019

Subject(s) - titer , virology , biology , immunity , neutralizing antibody , delta , asymptomatic , virus , covid-19 , antibody , antibody titer , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , immune system , medicine , infectious disease (medical specialty) , disease , engineering , aerospace engineering

Virus-like particle (VLP) and live virus assays were used to investigate neutralizing immunity against Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants in 259 samples from 128 vaccinated individuals. Following Delta breakthrough infection, titers against WT rose 57-fold and 3.1-fold compared with uninfected boosted and unboosted individuals, respectively, versus only a 5.8-fold increase and 3.1-fold decrease for Omicron breakthrough infection. Among immunocompetent, unboosted patients, Delta breakthrough infections induced 10.8-fold higher titers against WT compared with Omicron (p = 0.037). Decreased antibody responses in Omicron breakthrough infections relative to Delta were potentially related to a higher proportion of asymptomatic or mild breakthrough infections (55.0% versus 28.6%, respectively), which exhibited 12.3-fold lower titers against WT compared with moderate to severe infections (p = 0.020). Following either Delta or Omicron breakthrough infection, limited variant-specific cross-neutralizing immunity was observed. These results suggest that Omicron breakthrough infections are less immunogenic than Delta, thus providing reduced protection against reinfection or infection from future variants.

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