Open AccessMulti-elemental analysis of Ziziphora clinopodioides from different regions, periods and parts using atomic absorption spectrometry and chemometric approaches
Author(s) -
Xuejia Zhang,
Wenhuan Ding,
Jie Li,
Feng Liu,
Xiaoxin Zhang,
Shuge Tian
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
revista brasileira de farmacognosia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.432
H-Index - 46
eISSN - 1981-528X
pISSN - 0102-695X
DOI - 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.021
Subject(s) - principal component analysis , hierarchical clustering , chemistry , microwave digestion , atomic absorption spectroscopy , environmental chemistry , chromatography , cluster analysis , mathematics , statistics , detection limit , physics , quantum mechanics
In this study, ten trace elements in Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam., Lamiaceae, from different regions, periods and parts in Xinjiang were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry following microwave-assisted acid digestion. The decreasing sequence of elements levels was K>Ca>Mg>Fe>Cu>Zn>Na>Mn>Cd>Pb. Chemometric approaches, such as correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis were applied to classify Z. clinopodioides according to its elements contents. Principal component analysis revealed 83.51% of the variance with the first four principal component variables. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated five groups from the eighteen regions, and the result of classification can correspond to the geographical distribution for the most regions. Variation in the elements exhibited a decreasing trend, but of different types in the studied periods. Elemental contents distributed in leaves were higher than those in flowers and stems. Therefore, chemometric approaches could be used to analyze data to accurately classify Z. clinopodioides according to origins. This study provided some elemental information on chemotaxonomy, diversity, changing pattern, distribution, and metabolism of Z. clinopodioides at spatial and temporal levels, and could be used as a reference of planting and quality standards