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Integrative molecular and developmental biology of adult stem cells
Author(s) -
Bunting Kevin D,
Hawley Robert G
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
biology of the cell
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.543
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1768-322X
pISSN - 0248-4900
DOI - 10.1016/j.biolcel.2003.10.001
Subject(s) - biology , stem cell , transdifferentiation , adult stem cell , cellular differentiation , microbiology and biotechnology , induced pluripotent stem cell , cell type , regeneration (biology) , lineage (genetic) , clinical uses of mesenchymal stem cells , stem cell theory of aging , progenitor cell , cell , embryonic stem cell , genetics , stem cell factor , gene
Stem cells are believed to be important for regeneration of several adult tissues. Recently, adult stem cells with very broad differentiation potential have been identified although whether they represent vestigial primitive pluripotent stem cells or products of extremely rare de‐differentiation events involving tissue‐specific stem cells is not known. Transdifferentiation of tissue‐specific stem cells across lineage boundaries has also been demonstrated but the relative inefficiency of the process in vivo , even in the presence of tissue damage, questions whether such a mechanism is of physiologic relevance. Interestingly, among adult stem cells, the capacity for lineage switching appears to be greatest in stem cells that can be cultured ex vivo for extended periods. If the normal cell fate decisions of diverse adult stem cell types could be reliably redirected at high frequency in situ , possible regenerative therapies for a wide variety of diseases could be envisioned. An integrated understanding of the transcriptional regulatory networks that comprise the various adult stem cell entities as well as the signaling pathways governing their differentiation into therapeutically useful cell types will facilitate clinical application of these exciting findings.