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Synaptic structure and diffusion dynamics of synaptic receptors
Author(s) -
Triller Antoine,
Choquet Daniel
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
biology of the cell
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.543
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1768-322X
pISSN - 0248-4900
DOI - 10.1016/j.biolcel.2003.07.001
Subject(s) - biology , receptor , excitatory postsynaptic potential , synaptic plasticity , neuroscience , neurotransmitter receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , neurotransmission , inhibitory postsynaptic potential , biophysics , biochemistry
Neurotransmitter receptors are concentrated at synaptic sites through interactions with specific scaffolding proteins and cytoskeletal elements, but can also be found in intracellular compartments or dispersed in the membrane. The notion has emerged in recent years that this distribution results from a dynamic equilibrium between the different pools of receptors. This equilibrium is regulated by neuronal activity and interactions with scaffolding proteins. A change in its set point can result in rapid variations in the number of functional receptors at synapses such as seen during plasticity. Trafficking of receptors in and out of synapses has up to now mainly been viewed within the framework of endo/exocytotic processes. After a brief presentation of the strucure of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, we review data indicating that the lateral diffusion of receptors in the plane of the membrane is also a key step to regulate receptor stabilization and accumulation at synapses.