Open AccessNeem by-products in the fight against mosquito-borne diseases: Biotoxicity of neem cake fractions towards the rural malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies (Diptera: Culicidae)
Author(s) -
Balamurugan Chandramohan,
Kadarkarai Murugan,
Pari Madhiyazhagan,
Kalimuthu Kovendan,
Palanisamy Mahesh Kumar,
Chellasamy Panneerselvam,
Devakumar Dinesh,
Jayapal Subramaniam,
Rajapandian Rajaganesh,
Marcello Nicoletti,
Angelo Canale,
Giovanni Benelli
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
asian pacific journal of tropical biomedicine/asian pacific journal of tropical biomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.507
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 2588-9222
pISSN - 2221-1691
DOI - 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.11.013
Subject(s) - anopheles culicifacies , neem cake , toxicology , malaria , ethyl acetate , biology , instar , larva , traditional medicine , anopheles , chemistry , veterinary medicine , botany , medicine , biochemistry , ecology , vermicompost , nutrient , immunology
ObjectiveTo evaluate the ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal potential of neem cake fractions of different polarity against the rural malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies (An. culicifacies).MethodsNeem cake fractions' total methanol extract (NTMeOH), total ethyl acetate extract (NTAcOEt), ethyl acetate fraction after repartition with NTMeOH (NRAcOEt), butanol fraction after repartition with NTMeOH (NRBuOH), and aqueous fraction after repartition of NTMeOH (NRH2O) were tested against An. culicifacies eggs, fourth instar larvae and adults.ResultsIn larvicidal experiments, NTMeOH, NTAcOEt, NRAcOEt, NRBuOH and NRH2O achieved LC50 values of 1.32, 1.50, 1.81, 1.95 and 2.54 mg/L, respectively. All fractions tested at 150 mg/L were able to reduce egg hatchability of more than 50%, with the exception of NTAcOEt and NRAcOEt. In adulticidal assays, NTMeOH, NTAcOEt, NRAcOEt, NRBuOH and NRH2O achieved LC50 values of 3.01, 2.95, 3.23, 3.63 and 3.00 mg/L, respectively.ConclusionsOverall, this study suggests that the methanolic fractions of neem cake may be considered as a new and cheap source of highly effective compounds against the rural malaria vector An. culicifacies