Open AccessAntibacterial activities of ethanol extracts of Philippine medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant bacteria
Author(s) -
Demetrio L. Valle,
J. I. Macias Andrade,
Juliana Janet M. Puzon,
Esperanza C. Cabrera,
Windell L. Rivera
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
asian pacific journal of tropical biomedicine/asian pacific journal of tropical biomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.507
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 2588-9222
pISSN - 2221-1691
DOI - 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.04.005
Subject(s) - phyllanthus , antibacterial activity , acinetobacter baumannii , minimum inhibitory concentration , staphylococcus aureus , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , agar diffusion test , pseudomonas aeruginosa , traditional medicine , multiple drug resistance , chemistry , minimum bactericidal concentration , gram negative bacteria , biology , antimicrobial , antibiotics , escherichia coli , medicine , biochemistry , gene , genetics
ObjectiveTo investigate the antibacterial activities of crude ethanol extracts of 12 Philippine medicinal plants.MethodsCrude ethanol extracts from 12 Philippine medicinal plants were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii.ResultsThe leaf extracts of Psidium guajava, Phyllanthus niruri, Ehretia microphylla and Piper betle (P. betle) showed antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. P. betle showed the highest antibacterial activity for these bacteria in the disk diffusion (16–33 mm inhibition diameter), minimum inhibitory concentration (19–156 μg/mL) and minimum bactericidal concentration (312 μg/mL) assays. P. betle leaf extracts only showed remarkable antibacterial activity for all the Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria (extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and metallo-β-lactamase-producing) in the disk diffusion (17–21 mm inhibition diameter), minimum inhibitory concentration (312–625 μg/mL) and minimum bactericidal concentration (312–625 μg/mL) assays.ConclusionsP. betle had the greatest potential value against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive multidrug-resistant bacteria. Favorable antagonistic activities were also exhibited by the ethanol extracts of Psidium guajava, Phyllanthus niruri and Ehretia microphylla