Open AccessLauric acid abolishes interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-induction of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in human macrophages
Author(s) -
Wei-Siong Lim,
Mary-Shi-Ying Gan,
Melissa-Hui-Ling Ong,
Choy-Hoong Chew
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
asian pacific journal of reproduction
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.167
H-Index - 17
eISSN - 2305-0519
pISSN - 2305-0500
DOI - 10.1016/j.apjr.2015.06.005
Subject(s) - vcam 1 , thp1 cell line , cell adhesion molecule , microbiology and biotechnology , icam 1 , lauric acid , intercellular adhesion molecule 1 , cell adhesion , chemistry , phorbol , fetal bovine serum , cell culture , u937 cell , intracellular , cell , biochemistry , biology , immunology , signal transduction , in vitro , fatty acid , protein kinase c , genetics
Objective: To investigate the effect of different concentrations of lauric acid on Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in IFN-γ stimulated human monocytic THP-1 cell line.Methods: THP-1 cell were cultured using Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. THP-1 monocytes were firstly differentiated into macrophages by using phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. IFN-γ response test was performed and total cellular RNA was extracted using TRI Reagent® LS before q-RT-PCR was carried out. Subsequently, IFN-γ treated THP-1 macrophages were stimulated with increasing doses of lauric acid for another 24 h, before q-RT-PCR.Results: The mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were normalized to β-actin and relatived to the untreated cells. The expressions of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were significantly induced in cells treated with 10 ng/mL of IFN-γ. This showed that IFN-γ could up-regulate inflammatory process and may cause atheroma formation. MTT assay was carried out to investigate the effect of lauric acid on undifferentiated and differentiated THP-1 cells. Although lauric acid did not have any significant impact on undifferentiated and differentiated THP-1 cell viability, the normalized fold expressions of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in IFN-γ-treated THP-1 macrophages were decreased significantly in a dose dependent manner with the presence of increasing doses of lauric acid.Conclusions: This study successfully proved that lauric acid was able to antagonize the up-regulatory effect of IFN-γ on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expressions in THP-1 macrophages. This indicates that lauric acid may be an anti-inflammatory therapeutic and prophylaxis agent for atherosclerosis