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On the role of neurotransmitters in palate development
Author(s) -
Zimmerman E.F.
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
international journal of developmental neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.761
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1873-474X
pISSN - 0736-5748
DOI - 10.1016/0736-5748(83)90268-x
Subject(s) - citation , foundation (evidence) , library science , psychology , computer science , cognitive science , political science , law
Neuro t ransmi t t e r s may play a role in pala te development . It has been shown that they a f f ec t the reor ien ta t ion process in embryo culture: serotonin (SHT) s t imulates the anter ior end, acetylchol ine s t imula tes the poster ior end and GABA inhibits both ends. 5HT was shown to s t imulate cell moti l i ty in chemotac t i c and in hydrated collagen matrix systems. Fur thermore , 5HT inhibited cAMP and s t imulated cGMP levels, and s t imulated protein carboxymethyla t ion act ivi ty in cultured pa la te mesenchymal cells. These e f f ec t s on cell motil i ty and metabolism suggests that serotonin modulation of cell con t rac t i l i ty regula tes pala te reor ientat ion. Fur ther evidence for functioning neuro t ransmi t te r mechanisms in the pa la te were obtained. 5HT, dopamine and GABA are p resen t in the pala te during development . In addition, ac t ive uptake mechanisms for 5HT and GABA in the pala te were observed. Finally, localization of neuro t ransmi t t e r s in the palate was carr ied out by autoradiographic and immunohis tochemical procedures. 5HT appeared to be present in high concent ra t ions in the pterygopalat ine ganglion as well as in neuronal s t ructures . Lesser amounts may be p resen t in palatal mesenchyme and epithelium. Finally, employing an antibody against tyrosine hydroxylase, specif ic poster ior mesenchymal cells showed a posi t ive reac t ion indicating the presence of catecholamines . In summary, the pa la te contains several neuro t ransmi t te r mechanisms which appear to play a role in pala te development .