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Superoxide enhances the spread of HIV‐1 infection by cell‐to‐cell transmission
Author(s) -
Kameoka Masanori,
Kimura Takuro,
Ikuta Kazuyoshi
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80322-l
Subject(s) - cell , oxidative stress , cell culture , virology , antibody , biology , endogeny , viral replication , macrophage , transmission (telecommunications) , superoxide , immunology , virus , in vitro , biochemistry , genetics , enzyme , electrical engineering , engineering
Oxidative stress is thought to be involved in the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1)‐induced disease. We examined the effect of Superoxide (O 2 − ) on HIV‐1 spread in cultured human CD4 + cell lines. The O 2 − significantly enhanced cell‐to‐cell transmission of HIV‐1, although its effect on HIV‐1 replication was not evident, presumably due to its cytostatic activity. The effect was notable on the HIV‐1 transmission from macrophages to T lymphocytes by endogenous, macrophage‐generated O 2 − . This amplification was specifically reduced to the steady‐state level by antioxidants, and further to the basal level by anti‐CD4 antibodies, indicating the specificity of O 2 − for enhancing HIV‐1 spread by cell‐to‐cell transmission.