Open AccessEarly Cardiovascular Risk in E-cigarette Users: the Potential Role of Metals
Author(s) -
AvasAcien,
Irene Martínez-Morata,
Markus Hilpert,
Ana M. Rule,
Daichi Shimbo,
Nancy J. LoIacono
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
current environmental health reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.699
H-Index - 39
ISSN - 2196-5412
DOI - 10.1007/s40572-020-00297-y
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , toxicity , medicine , endothelial dysfunction , nitric oxide , genotoxicity , antioxidant , pharmacology , chemistry , toxicology , biochemistry , biology
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are a source of metals. Epidemiologic and experimental evidence support that metals are toxic to the cardiovascular system. Little is known, however, about the role that e-cig metals may play as toxicants for the possible cardiovascular effects of e-cig use. The goal of this narrative review is to summarize the evidence on e-cig use and metal exposure and on e-cig use and cardiovascular toxicity and discuss the research needs.