Open AccessEvaluation of chlorpyrifos residue in breast milk and its metabolite in urine of mothers and their infants feeding exclusively by breast milk in north of Iran
Author(s) -
Masoud Binesh Brahmand,
Masud Yunesian,
Ramin Nabizadeh,
Simin Nasseri,
Mahmood Alimohammadi,
Noushin Rastkari
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of environmental health science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.447
H-Index - 45
ISSN - 2052-336X
DOI - 10.1007/s40201-019-00398-3
Subject(s) - breast milk , urine , metabolite , chlorpyrifos , breast feeding , residue (chemistry) , medicine , food science , chemistry , biology , pediatrics , pesticide , biochemistry , agronomy
The most common method of combating insects in low-income communities and developing countries, is the use of insecticides. The use of organophosphate insecticides is increasing due to their low prices and availability on the market. Chlorpyrifos is a medium-risk insecticide for human. The widespread use of organophosphorus insecticides, especially chlorpyrifos, in residential homes has undoubtedly created many health concerns. Babies have a high sensitivity to pesticides and environmental contaminants because of their evolutionary status. On the other hand, the main source of infants' exposure who are breast-fed exclusively to environmental pollutants is through breast milk and oral contact with objects that are covered with dust and particles.