Open AccessSystems Design Approach to Low-Cost Coinage Materials
Author(s) -
Eric A. Lass,
Mark R. Stoudt,
Carelyn E. Campbell
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
integrating materials and manufacturing innovation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.878
H-Index - 22
eISSN - 2193-9772
pISSN - 2193-9764
DOI - 10.1007/s40192-018-0110-2
Subject(s) - compatibility (geochemistry) , corrosion , raw material , materials science , alloy , process engineering , material design , engineering design process , computer science , mechanical engineering , metallurgy , engineering , composite material , chemistry , organic chemistry
A systems approach within an integrated computational materials engineering framework was used to design three new low-cost seamless replacement coinage alloys to reduce the raw material cost of the current US coinage alloys. Maintaining compatibility with current coinage materials required matching the currently used alloy properties of yield strength, work-hardening behavior, electrical conductivity, color, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. In addition, the designed alloys were required to use current production processes. CALPHAD-based models for electrical conductivity and color were developed to integrate into the system design. Three prototype alloys were designed, produced, and characterized. The design process highlighted the trade-off between minimizing the raw material costs and achieving the desired color properties. Characterization of the three prototype alloys showed good agreement with the design goals.