Open AccessCurrent Opinions and Consensus for Studying Tremor in Animal Models
Author(s) -
Sheng Han Kuo,
Elan D. Louis,
Phyllis L. Faust,
Adrian Handforth,
Chang Su,
Billur Avlar,
Eric J. Lang,
MingKai Pan,
Lauren N. Miterko,
Amanda M. Brown,
Roy V. Sillitoe,
Collin J. Anderson,
Stefan M. Pulst,
Martín J. Gallagher,
Kyle A. Lyman,
Dane M. Chetkovich,
Lorraine N. Clark,
Murni Tio,
Eng King Tan,
Rodger J. Elble
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
cerebellum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.418
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1473-4230
pISSN - 1473-4222
DOI - 10.1007/s12311-019-01037-1
Subject(s) - essential tremor , neuroscience , movement disorders , neurology , animal model , psychology , neuroimaging , medicine , disease , pathology , endocrinology
Tremor is the most common movement disorder; however, we are just beginning to understand the brain circuitry that generates tremor. Various neuroimaging, neuropathological, and physiological studies in human tremor disorders have been performed to further our knowledge of tremor. But, the causal relationship between these observations and tremor is usually difficult to establish and detailed mechanisms are not sufficiently studied. To overcome these obstacles, animal models can provide an important means to look into human tremor disorders. In this manuscript, we will discuss the use of different species of animals (mice, rats, fruit flies, pigs, and monkeys) to model human tremor disorders. Several ways to manipulate the brain circuitry and physiology in these animal models (pharmacology, genetics, and lesioning) will also be discussed. Finally, we will discuss how these animal models can help us to gain knowledge of the pathophysiology of human tremor disorders, which could serve as a platform towards developing novel therapies for tremor.