Open AccessThe Impact of Astrocytes and Endothelial Cells on Glioblastoma Stemness Marker Expression in Multicellular Spheroids
Author(s) -
Pinaki S. Nakod,
Yonghyun Kim,
Shreya Rao
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
cellular and molecular bioengineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.668
H-Index - 34
eISSN - 1865-5033
pISSN - 1865-5025
DOI - 10.1007/s12195-021-00691-y
Subject(s) - spheroid , sox2 , homeobox protein nanog , neurosphere , stem cell marker , nestin , cancer stem cell , stem cell , biology , klf4 , u87 , cancer research , tumor microenvironment , astrocyte , cellular pathology , microbiology and biotechnology , cell culture , glioma , pathology , neural stem cell , embryonic stem cell , endothelial stem cell , adult stem cell , medicine , in vitro , tumor cells , induced pluripotent stem cell , neuroscience , central nervous system , genetics , biochemistry , gene
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common primary brain tumor in adults, is extremely malignant and lethal. GBM tumors are highly heterogenous, being comprised of cellular and matrix components, which contribute to tumor cell invasion, cancer stem cell maintenance, and drug resistance. Here, we developed a heterotypic 3D spheroid model integrating GBM cells with astrocytes and endothelial cells (ECs) to better simulate the cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and investigate their impact on the stemness marker expression of GBM cells, which has not been previously investigated.