Open AccessThe Science and Biomechanics of Long-Toss
Author(s) -
Jacob G. Calcei,
Michael T. Freehill
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1935-973X
pISSN - 1935-9748
DOI - 10.1007/s12178-021-09706-7
Subject(s) - throwing , biomechanics , kinematics , elbow , physical medicine and rehabilitation , range of motion , mathematics , simulation , computer science , medicine , physical therapy , engineering , physics , anatomy , mechanical engineering , classical mechanics
Overhead throwing is a particularly violent motion that requires a complex sequence of timed muscle activations to efficiently transfer energy up the kinetic chain to throw a ball. Long-toss has long been utilized as a means of increasing shoulder range of motion, strength, and endurance, as well as an important component of rehabilitation in interval throwing programs. The purpose of this review is to assess the current literature on the science and biomechanics of long-toss.