Phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase C isoforms are conveyed by osteosarcoma‐derived extracellular vesicles

Cancer cells are able to release high amounts of extracellular vesicles, thereby conditioning the normal cells in the surrounding tissue and/or in distant target organs. In the context of bone cancers, previous studies suggested that osteosarcoma cancer cells produce transforming extracellular vesicles able to induce a tumour‐like phenotype in normal recipient cells. Indeed, phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase C (PI‐PLC) enzymes are differentially expressed in osteosarcoma cell lines with increasing aggressiveness, thus providing helpful insights to better define their role and functions in this bone tumour. By confocal microscopy analysis, we demonstrated that osteosarcoma‐derived extracellular vesicles convey all the assessed PI‐PLC isoforms, and that they localize into cell membrane bubble‐like structures, resembling extracellular vesicles about to be released, as conveyed and/or membrane protein. Cytofluorimetric analysis confirmed the presence of PI‐PLC isoforms in the extracellular vesicles collected from conditioned media of osteosarcoma cells. These findings suggest the feasibility to use circulating extracellular vesicles as biomarkers of osteosarcoma progression and/or the monitoring of this distressing disease.