Open AccessCerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Alzheimer’s Disease and MicroRNA: miRNA as Diagnostic Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Author(s) -
J. Weldon Furr,
Diego Morales-Scheihing,
Bharti Manwani,
Jun-Young Lee,
Louise D. McCullough
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
neuromolecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.098
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1559-1174
pISSN - 1535-1084
DOI - 10.1007/s12017-019-08568-0
Subject(s) - microrna , neurodegeneration , cerebral amyloid angiopathy , biology , disease , alzheimer's disease , amyloid (mycology) , neuroscience , neurology , bioinformatics , gene , computational biology , medicine , dementia , pathology , genetics , botany
The protein molecules must fold into unique conformations to acquire functional activity. Misfolding, aggregation, and deposition of proteins in diverse organs, the so-called "protein misfolding disorders (PMDs)", represent the conformational diseases with highly ordered assemblies, including oligomers and fibrils that are linked to neurodegeneration in brain illnesses such as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies have revealed several aspects of brain pathology in CAA and AD, but both the classification and underlying mechanisms need to be further refined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Increasing evidence with the advent of RNA sequencing technology suggests possible links between miRNAs and these neurodegenerative disorders. To provide insights on the small RNA-mediated regulatory circuitry and the translational significance of miRNAs in PMDs, this review will discuss the characteristics and mechanisms of the diseases and summarize circulating or tissue-resident miRNAs associated with AD and CAA.