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Use of 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer pulse sequence and multivariate analysis to discriminate olive oil cultivars
Author(s) -
Vlahov Giovanna,
Shaw Adrian D.,
Kell Douglas B.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-999-0098-z
Subject(s) - pulse sequence , polarization (electrochemistry) , spectral line , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , nuclear magnetic resonance , population , physics , chromatography , astronomy , demography , sociology
Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) pulse sequence was used to set up a quantitative high‐resolution 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method to discriminate olive oils by cultivars and geographical origin. DEPT pulse sequence enhances the intensity of NMR signals from nuclei of low magnetogyric ratio. The nuclear spin polarization is transferred from spins with large Boltzmann population differences (usually protons) to nuclear species characterized by low Boltzmann factors, e.g., 13 C. The signal enhancement of 13 C spectra ensures the accuracy of resonance integration, which is a major task when the resonance intensities of different spectra must be compared. The resonances of triglyceride acyl chains C n :0 , C 18:1 , C 18:2 , and C 18:3 , were also assigned. Multivariate analysis was carried out on the 35 carbon signals obtained. By using variable reduction techniques, coupled with standard statistical methods—partial least squares and principal components analysis—it was largely possible to separate the samples according to their variety and region of origin. With one problem variety removed, 100% prediction of the three remaining varieties was achieved. Similarly, by using the three regions with greatest representation in the data, all but one of a test set of 34 samples were correctly predicted. Thus, the composition of olive oils from different cultivars and of different geographical origin were compared and successfully studied by multivariate analysis. These considerations in conjunction with the structural elucidations of triglyceride molecules demonstrated that 13 C NMR is among the most powerful techniques yet described for analysis of olive oils.