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Alteration of steryl ester content and positional distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols by chemical and enzymatic interesterification of plant oils
Author(s) -
Ferrari R. Ap.,
Esteves W.,
Mukherjee K. D.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-997-0150-9
Subject(s) - interesterified fat , chemistry , lipase , sodium methoxide , chromatography , triacylglycerol lipase , organic chemistry , rapeseed , soybean oil , enzyme , catalysis , biochemistry , food science
Steryl ester content of refined and interesterified corn, soybean, and rapeseed oils has been measured via clean‐up on a short silica gel column, followed by high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light‐scattering mass detector. Chemical interesterification, catalyzed by sodium methoxide, led to random positional distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols and some increase in the steryl ester content of all three oils. Enzymatic interesterification, catalyzed by the immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme), resulted in a distinct reduction in steryl ester content, but essentially no alteration in positional distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols occurred. Formation of steryl esters during chemical and enzymatic interesterification was also examined by radioactive tracer technique with [4‐ 14 C]β‐sitosterol added as marker to refined rapeseed oil and measurement of the radioactive steryl esters formed. Chemical interesterification of rapeseed oil resulted in moderate formation (10% of total radioactivity) of radioactive β‐sitosteryl esters. Enzymatic interesterification of the oil, catalyzed by Lipozyme, led to little formation of radioactive β‐sitosteryl esters, whereas with the lipase from Candida cylindracea high proportions (>90% of total radioactivity) of 14 C‐labeled β‐sitosteryl esters were formed.