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Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Chromatography of Lipids in Bilberry
Author(s) -
Jumaah Firas,
Sandahl Margareta,
Turner Charlotta
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-015-2680-x
Subject(s) - chromatography , bilberry , supercritical fluid extraction , chemistry , extraction (chemistry) , supercritical fluid , wax , sterol , sample preparation , gas chromatography , solvent , fatty acid , organic chemistry , food science , cholesterol , biochemistry
A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method has been developed for the extraction of lipids in bilberry. Experimental design was used to optimize pressure, temperature and extraction time using CO 2 as solvent. Best SFE condition for total lipids was 450 bar, 60 °C and 45 min. The SFE method was compared to conventional Bligh & Dyer (B&D) extraction. The amount of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was found to be 4.84 ± 0.06 mg and 4.564 ± 0.003 mg per g of the freeze‐dried bilberry sample for the developed SFE and B&D methods, respectively, while the amount of total lipids was found to be 54.40 ± 6.06 mg and 65.70 ± 0.67 mg per g of sample for SFE and B&D, respectively. This discrepancy between FAME and total lipids could be explained by the presence of wax esters, sterol esters, carotenoids and phospholipids, as determined by supercritical fluid chromatography.