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Immobilization of Phospholipase A 1 and its Application in Soybean Oil Degumming
Author(s) -
Yu Dianyu,
Jiang Lianzhou,
Li Zhenlan,
Shi John,
Xue Jun,
Kakuda Yukio
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-011-1943-4
Subject(s) - glutaraldehyde , chemistry , soybean oil , thermal stability , phospholipase a , calcium , chitosan , nuclear chemistry , phosphorus , immobilized enzyme , palm oil , enzyme , chromatography , phospholipase a2 , food science , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Phospholipase A 1 (PLA 1 ), or Lecitase ® Ultra, was immobilized on three different supports, calcium alginate (CA), calcium alginate‐chitosan (CAC), and calcium alginate‐gelatin (CAG), and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. The results indicated that PLA 1 –CA retained 56.2% of the enzyme's initial activity, whereas PLA 1 –CAC and PLA 1 –CAG retained 65.5 and 60.2%, respectively. Compared with free PLA 1 , the optimal pH of immobilized PLA 1 shifted to the basic side by 0.5–1.0 pH units and the pH/activity profile range was considerably broadened. Similarly, the temperature‐optima of PLA 1 –CAC and PLA 1 –CAG increased from 50 to 60 °C, and their thermal stability increased with relative activities of more than 90% that covered a wider temperature range spanning 50–65 °C. In a batch oil degumming process, the final residual phosphorus content was reduced to less than 10 mg/kg with free PLA 1 , PLA 1 –CAC and PLA 1 –CA in less than 5, 6 and 8 h respectively while PLA 1 –CAG was only able to reduce it to 15 mg/kg in 10 h. When the PLA 1 –CAC was applied in a plant degumming trial, the final residual phosphorus content was reduced to 9.7 mg/kg with 99.1% recovery of soybean oil. The recoveries of immobilized PLA 1 –CAC and activity of PLA 1 were 80.2 and 78.2% respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that PLA 1 –CAC was the best immobilized enzyme complex for the continuous hydrolysis of phospholipids in crude vegetable oils.