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Effect of Water on the Ethanolysis of Waste Cooking Soybean Oil Using a Tin(II) Chloride Catalyst
Author(s) -
Silva Milene L.,
Figueiredo Ana P.,
Cardoso Abiney L.,
Natalino Ricardo,
Silva Márcio J.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-011-1794-z
Subject(s) - catalysis , chemistry , leaching (pedology) , biodiesel , soybean oil , tin , raw material , chloride , effluent , organic chemistry , waste management , food science , environmental science , engineering , soil science , soil water
Biodiesel production from cheap lipid raw materials is economically welcome, but a high free fatty acids (FFA) content makes it incompatible with traditional alkaline catalysts. Although liquid mineral acids are alternatively used, serious drawbacks such as high corrosiveness and large effluent generation, as well as the impossibility of catalyst reuse compromises its application. Contrarily, solid acid catalysts appear to be an attractive option; however, the water present or generated during FFA esterification provokes the leaching and deactivation of these catalysts. Thus, in this work we have evaluated the use of tin chloride SnCl 2 , which is less corrosive, water tolerant, and a recyclable Lewis acid catalyst, on FFA ethanolysis using waste cooking oil samples (WCO). Additionally, the main kinetic parameters of the reactions were assessed. Compared to pTSA ( p ‐toluenesulfonic‐acid), a catalyst also evaluated, SnCl 2 efficiently promoted FFA ethanolysis even in the presence of high amounts of water (ca. 0.1–5.0% w/w). Moreover, the homogeneous SnCl 2 catalyst was easily recovered and reused successively, without loss of activity.