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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Sorghum Bug ( Agonoscelis pubescens ) Oil Using Response Surface Methodology
Author(s) -
Mariod Abdalbasit Adam,
Abdelwahab Siddig Ibrahim,
Gedi Mohamed Abdulkadir,
Solati Zeinab
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-010-1565-2
Subject(s) - supercritical carbon dioxide , extraction (chemistry) , yield (engineering) , response surface methodology , chromatography , bar (unit) , supercritical fluid extraction , carbon dioxide , solvent , chemistry , hexane , supercritical fluid , high performance liquid chromatography , materials science , organic chemistry , composite material , physics , meteorology
Abstract Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of sorghum bug oil (SBO) with carbon dioxide was performed and compared with Soxhlet extraction using hexane. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the effects of pressure (200–400 bar) and temperature (50–70 °C) on the sorghum bug oil yield in SC‐CO 2 . The high extraction yield (more than 45.0%) was obtained at 300 bar and 60 °C followed by 400 bar and 70 °C, while the lower yield was obtained at 159 bar and 60 °C. At low pressure levels (159 and 200 bar), the oil yield decreased due to the reduced density of CO 2 at higher temperatures. Gas chromatography was used to characterize the fatty acids of the oils obtained while α‐tocopherol was quantified by HPLC. No differences were found in the fatty acid compositions of the various extracts, while the α‐tocopherol extracted from sorghum bug oil by the conventional solvent method was less than that extracted by the SFE process using CO 2. It can be observed that the conventional solvent extraction method exhibited notable DPPH radical‐scavenging activity, with an efficacy slightly lower (IC 50 7.45 ± 0.3) than that of the SFE extracts.