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Quality of Biodiesel Prepared from Phorbol Ester Extracted Jatropha curcas Oil
Author(s) -
Devappa Rakshit Kodekalra,
Maes Jeroen,
Makkar Harinder Paul Singh,
De Greyt Wim,
Becker Klaus
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-010-1547-4
Subject(s) - en 14214 , biodiesel , jatropha curcas , acid value , biodiesel production , peroxide value , pulp and paper industry , chemistry , jatropha , food science , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , biochemistry , biology , engineering , catalysis
Jatropha curcas seeds are rich in oil (28–32%), which can be converted to high quality biodiesel. The oil is non‐edible due to the presence of toxic compounds, namely, phorbol esters (PEs). PEs have a number of agricultural/medicinal/pharmaceutical applications and hence their recovery generates a value added co‐product towards the biodiesel production chain. This study aims to assess the effects of PE extraction on quality of both the residual oil and the biodiesel production from it. Two Approaches (1, use of an Ultra‐turrax; and 2, use of a magnetic stirrer) were used with an effective treatment time of 2 and 5 min, resulting in 80 and 78% extraction of PEs, respectively. The phosphorus content was reduced by 70.2 and 75.8%, free fatty acids by 55.3 and 55.6%, and the fatty acid composition did not change in the residual oils. The peroxide value increased from 2.69 (untreated oil) to 3.01 and 3.49 mequiv O 2 /kg in the residual oils following Approach 1 and Approach 2, respectively. The biodiesel prepared from both residual oils met European (EN 14214:2008) and American biodiesel standard (ASTM D6751‐09) specifications. Oxidative stability indices for both the biodiesels were well within the permitted limit. It is concluded that PEs could be isolated in active forms for various applications by either of the two methods with a high yield and the residual oil can be processed to produce high quality biodiesel.