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Physico‐Chemical Characterization of Moringa concanensis Seeds and Seed Oil
Author(s) -
Manzoor Maleeha,
Anwar Farooq,
Iqbal Tahira,
Bhanger M. I.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-007-1055-3
Subject(s) - saponification value , iodine value , unsaponifiable , behenic acid , chemistry , moringa , acid value , saponification , food science , oleic acid , peroxide value , palmitic acid , fatty acid , chromatography , organic chemistry , biochemistry
The present work reports the characterization and comparison of Moringa concanensis seed oil from Tharparkar (a drought hit area), Pakistan. The hexane‐extracted oil content of M. concanensis seeds ranged from 37.56 to 40.06% (average 38.82%). Protein, fiber, moisture and ash contents were found to be 30.07, 6.00, 5.88 and 9.00%, respectively. The extracted oil exhibited an iodine value of 67.00; a refractive index (40 °C) of 1.4648; its density (24 °C) was 0.8660 mg mL −1 ; the saponification value (mg of KOH g −1 of oil) was 179.00; unsaponifiable matter 0.78%; color (1 in. cell) 1.90R + 19.00Y; and acidity (% as oleic acid) 0.34%. Tocopherols (α, γ, and δ) in the oil accounted for 72.11, 9.26 and 33.87 mg kg −1 , respectively. Specific extinctions at 232 and 270 nm were 3.17 and 0.65, respectively. The peroxide and p ‐anisidine values of the oil were found to be 1.75 and 1.84 meq kg −1 , respectively. The induction periods (Rancimat, 20 L h −1 , 120 °C) of the crude oil was 10.81 h and reduced to 8.90 h after degumming. The M. concanensis oil was found to contain high levels of oleic acid (up to 68.00%) followed by palmitic, stearic, behenic, and arachidic acids up to levels of 11.04, 3.58, 3.44 and 7.09%, respectively. The results of the present analytical study, compared with those for other Moringa species and different vegetable oils, showed M. concanensis to be a potentially valuable non‐conventional seed crop for high quality oil.