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Physical Properties of Polyurethanes Produced from Polyols from Seed Oils: II. Foams
Author(s) -
Narine Suresh S.,
Kong Xiaohua,
Bouzidi Laziz,
Sporns Peter
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-006-1008-2
Subject(s) - castor oil , polyol , polyurethane , thermogravimetric analysis , canola , hydroxyl value , materials science , soybean oil , chemical engineering , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , organic chemistry , composite material , chemistry , food science , engineering
Rigid polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared using three North American seed oil starting materials. Polyol with terminal primary hydroxyl groups synthesized from canola oil by ozonolysis and hydrogenation based technology, commercially available soybean based polyol and crude castor oil were reacted with aromatic diphenylmethane diisocyanate to prepare the foams. Their physical and thermal properties were studied and compared using dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis techniques, and their cellular structures were investigated by scanning electron microscope. The chemical diversity of the starting materials allowed the evaluation of the effect of dangling chain on the properties of the foams. The reactivity of soybean oil‐derived polyols and of unrefined crude castor oil were found to be lower than that of the canola based polyol as shown by their processing parameters (cream, rising and gel times) and FTIR. Canola‐PU foam demonstrated better compressive properties than Soybean‐PU foam but less than Castor‐PU foam. The differences in performance were found to be related to the differences in the number and position of OH‐groups and dangling chains in the starting materials, and to the differences in cellular structure.