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Formation and investigation of microemulsions based on jojoba oil and nonionic surfactants
Author(s) -
Shevachman M.,
Shani A.,
Garti N.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-004-1032-2
Subject(s) - microemulsion , sorbitan , chemistry , micelle , ethylene oxide , ethylene glycol , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , oleyl alcohol , aqueous two phase system , aqueous solution , micellar solutions , dynamic light scattering , phase (matter) , viscosity , alcohol , materials science , pulmonary surfactant , polymer , nanoparticle , fatty acid ester , biochemistry , fatty acid , engineering , copolymer , composite material
The properties of jojoba oil make it uniquely suited as a raw material for the cosmetics industry. Water‐based, thermodynamically stable preparations of jojoba oil are essential in many formulations. New microemulsions were prepared based on jojoba oil and different nonionic surfactants, namely polyoxyethylene‐(ethylene oxide) 10 ‐oleyl alcohol (Brij 96V) and ethoxylated sorbitan esters (Tweens). The effects of the surfactants and of primary alcohols as cosurfactants on the isotropic regions of the phase diagram were elucidated. It was found that, up to a certain cosurfactant chain length, the isotropic region expanded considerably as chain length increased. The size of the isotropic region also increased as a function of the ethylene glycol content of the aqueous phase in microemulsions based on ethoxylated alcohol but shrank when ethylene glycol was included in microemulsions prepared with ethoxylated sorbitan esters. Secondary structural phase transitions from water‐in‐oil to bicontinous and to oil‐in‐water structures (as determined by measuring conductivity and viscosity) were found to be related to jojoba oil content. Dynamic light scattering and small angle X‐ray scattering studies established that incorporation of jojoba oil into Brij 96V micelles caused micellar transformation from elongated to spherical droplets and a decrease in the aggregation number.