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Chemical composition and physicochemical and hydrogenation characteristics of high‐palmitic acid solin (low‐linolenic acid flaxseed) oil
Author(s) -
Hosseinian F. S.,
Rowland G. G.,
Bhirud P. R.,
Dyck J. H.,
Tyler R. T.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-004-0879-6
Subject(s) - iodine value , chemistry , palmitic acid , stearic acid , food science , linolenic acid , linseed oil , saponification value , oleic acid , composition (language) , organic chemistry , linoleic acid , fatty acid , biochemistry , linguistics , philosophy
The physicochemical characteristics and FA compositions were determined for refined‐bleached‐deodorized (RBD) high‐palmitic acid solin (HPS) oil, RBD solin oil, and degummed linseed oil. The predominant FA in HPS oil were palmitic (16.6%), palmitoleic (1.4%), stearic (2.5%), oleic (11.3%), linoleic (63.7%), and linolenic (3.4%). HPS oil was substantially higher in palmitic acid than either solin oil or linseed oil, and similar to solin oil in linolenic acid content. HPS, solin, and linseed oils exhibited similar sterol and tocopherol profiles. The physicochemical characteristics of the three oils (iodine value, saponification value, m.p., density, specific gravity, viscosity, PV, FFA content, color) reflected their FA profiles and degree of refinement. During hydrogenation of HPS oil, the proportion of saturated FA (palmitic and stearic) increased, and that of unsaturated FA (oleic, linoleic, and linolenic) decreased as the iodine value declined. This resulted in an inverse linear relationship between m.p. and iodine value. Hydrogenation also generated trans FA. The proportion of trans FA was inversely related to iodine value in partially hydrogenated samples. Fully hydrogenated HPS oil (i.e., HPS stearine, iodine value <5) was devoid of trans FA.