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Production of structured TAG rich in 1,3‐dicapryloyl‐2‐γ‐linolenoyl glycerol from borage oil
Author(s) -
Kawashima Akiko,
Shimada Yuji,
Nagao Toshihiro,
Ohara Akihiro,
Matsuhisa Tsugio,
Sugihara Akio,
Tominaga Yoshio
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/s11746-002-0572-9
Subject(s) - glyceride , lipase , chemistry , chromatography , hydrolysis , glycerol , rhizopus oryzae , candida rugosa , triacylglycerol lipase , triolein , fatty acid , food science , organic chemistry , fermentation , enzyme
γ‐Linolenic acid (GLA) has the physiological functions of modulating immune and inflammatory responses. We produced structured TAG rich in 1,3‐dicapryloyl‐2‐γ‐linolenoyl glycerol (CGC) from GLA‐rich oil (GLA45 oil; GLA content, 45.4 wt%), which was prepared by hydrolysis of borage oil with Candida rugosa lipase having weak activity on GLA. A mixture of GLA45 oil/caprylic acid (CA) (1∶2, w/w) was continuously fed into a fixed‐bed bioreactor (18×180 mm) packed with 15 g immobilized Rhizopus oryzae lipase at 30°C, and a flow rate of 4 g/h. The acidolysis proceeded efficiently, and a significant decrease of lipase activity was not observed in full‐time operation for 1 mon. GLA45 oil contained 10.2 mol% MAG and 27.2 mol% DAG. However, the reaction converted the partial acylglycerols to structured TAG and tricaprylin and produced 44.5 mol% CGC based on the content of total acylglycerols. Not only FFA in the reaction mixture but also part of the tricaprylin and partial acylglycerols were removed by molecular distillation. The distillation resulted in an increase of the CGC content in the purified product to 52.6 mol%. The results showed that CGC‐rich structured TAG can efficiently be produced by a two‐step process comprising selective hydrolysis of borage oil using C. rugosa lipase (first step) and acidolysis of the resulting GLA‐rich oil with CA using immobilized R. oryzae lipase (second step).