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Cerebrospinal fluid lipoproteins are more vulnerable to oxidation in Alzheimer's disease and are neurotoxic when oxidized ex vivo
Author(s) -
Bassett Casey N.,
Neely M. Diana,
Sidell Kathrin R.,
Markesbery William R.,
Switt Larry L.,
Montine Thomas J.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/s11745-999-0478-1
Subject(s) - lipid peroxidation , ex vivo , cerebrospinal fluid , chemistry , pathogenesis , neurodegeneration , in vivo , neurotoxicity , oxidative stress , biochemistry , endocrinology , antioxidant , medicine , biology , toxicity , in vitro , disease , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry
Brain regional oxidative damage is thought to be a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have suggested that increased lipid peroxidation of CSF and CSF lipoproteins also may occur in AD patients. In the present study, we determined the susceptibility of human CSF to ex vivo lipid peroxidation and tested the hypothesis that oxidized CSF lipoproteins may be neurotoxic. Whole CSF or a CSF lipoprotein fraction ( d <1.210 g/mL) was oxidized with 2,2′‐azobis(2‐amidino‐propane)dihydrochloride (AAPH), a hydrophilic free‐radical generator. Kinetics of CSF lipid peroxidation were followed by a standard fluorescence product accumulation assay. Oxidation of AD CSF yielded significantly shorter fluorescent lag times than controls, indicating reduced antioxidant capacity. Electrophoretic mobilities of CSF apolipoproteins were specifically reduced upon oxidation of CSF with AAPH, suggesting that lipoproteins are primary targets of CSF lipid peroxidation. Cultured neuronal cells were exposed to physiological concentrations of isolated CSF lipoproteins oxidized with increasing concentrations of AAPH; the resulting neurotoxicity showed a significant linear AAPH concentration‐response relationship. These results suggest that oxidized CSF lipoproteins may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in AD.