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Maternal Flaxseed Oil During Lactation Enhances Bone Development in Male Rat Pups
Author(s) -
Pereira Aline D'Avila,
Ribeiro Danielle Cavalcante,
Santana Fernanda Carvalho,
Sousa dos Santos Aline,
ManciniFilho Jorge,
NascimentoSaba Celly Cristina Alves,
Velarde Luis Guillermo Coca,
Costa Carlos Alberto Soares,
Boaventura Gilson Teles
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/s11745-016-4165-6
Subject(s) - endocrinology , medicine , osteocalcin , lactation , bone mineral , chemistry , polyunsaturated fatty acid , adipose tissue , osteoprotegerin , fatty acid , biology , osteoporosis , pregnancy , biochemistry , alkaline phosphatase , genetics , receptor , activator (genetics) , enzyme
Flaxseed oil is an alpha linolenic acid source important in the growth and body development stage; furthermore, this acid acts on adipose tissue and bone health. The aim of this study was to evaluate body composition, fatty acid composition, hormone profile, retroperitoneal adipocyte area and femur structure of pups at weaning, whose mothers were fed a diet containing flaxseed oil during lactation. After birth, pups were randomly assigned: control ( C , n = 12) and flaxseed oil (FO, n = 12), rats whose mothers were treated with diet containing soybean or flaxseed oil. At 21 days, the pups were weaned and body mass, length, body composition, biochemical parameter, leptin, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, fatty acids composition, intra‐abdominal fat mass and femur structure were analyzed. FO showed ( p < 0.05): higher body mass (+12 %) and length (+9 %); body fat mass (g, +45 %); bone mineral density (+8 %), bone mineral content (+55 %) and bone area (+35 %), osteocalcin (+173 %) and osteoprotegerin (+183 %). Arachidonic acid was lower ( p < 0.0001), alpha‐linolenic and eicosapentaenoic were higher ( p < 0.0001). Intra‐abdominal fat mass was higher (+25 %), however, the retroperitoneal adipocytes area was lower (−44 %). Femur mass (+10 %), distance between epiphyses (+4 %) and bone mineral density (+13 %) were higher. The study demonstrates that adequate flaxseed oil content during a lactation diet plays an important role in the development of pups.