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Double Bond Position Plays an Important Role in Delta‐9 Desaturation and Lipogenic Properties of Trans 18:1 Isomers in Mouse Adipocytes
Author(s) -
Vahmani P.,
Meadus W. J.,
Mapiye C.,
Duff P.,
Rolland D. C.,
Dugan M. E. R.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/s11745-015-4080-2
Subject(s) - chemistry , fatty acid synthase , double bond , clinical chemistry , medicine , gene expression , fatty acid , lipogenesis , gene , endocrinology , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , stereochemistry , biochemistry , polymer chemistry
The objective of this research was to study the delta‐9 desaturation of individual trans ( t ) fatty acids that can be found in ruminant fat or partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO) and determine their effects on lipogenic gene expression in adipocytes. It was hypothesized that delta‐9 desaturation and lipogenic properties of t‐ 18:1 isomers depend on the position of double bond. Differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes were treated with 200 µM of t 6–18:1, t 9–18:1, t 11–18:1, t 13–18:1 or t 16–18:1, cis ( c )‐9 18:1 or bovine serum albumin (BSA) vehicle control for 48 h. Cells were then harvested for fatty acid and gene expression analyses using gas chromatography and quantitative PCR respectively. Among t‐ 18:1 isomers, t 13–18:1 and t 11–8:1 had the greatest percent delta‐9 desaturation (44 and 41 % respectively) followed by t 16–18:1 and t 6–18:1 (32 and 17 % respectively), while c 9–18:1 and t 9–18:1 did not undergo delta‐9 desaturation. Trans 9–18:1 up‐regulated ( P < 0.05) the expression of lipogenic genes including fatty acid synthase and stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐1 ( P < 0.05), whereas the expression of these genes were not affected with other t ‐18:1 isomers ( P > 0.05). Consistent with gene expression results, t 9–18:1 increased the de novo lipogenic index (16:0/18:2n‐6) compared with control cells and increased delta‐9 desaturation index ( c 9–16:1/18:0) compared to other t ‐18:1 isomers ( P < 0.05). The current study provides further evidence that the predominant trans fatty acid in PHVO ( t 9–18:1) has isomer specific lipogenic properties.